grizz: Hi everybody, thanks for attending another of a series of lessons on Defense.  
grizz: Chat logs and hand records are stored in your computer for later review.  For information on how to retrieve them, go the BIL homepage or email me.
grizz: I teach private individual, pair, and small group lessons.  If you would like to know more please email me at Grizz@GrizzBridge.com.
grizz: And archives of old sessions are available at GrizzBridge.com, on the Lessons and Archives page located at:  http://www.grizzbridge.com/Lessons_and_Archives.php
grizz: There will be lots of questions.  I want to address them all, but in a manner helpful to all, so please ask them in open chat.  
grizz: If I forget a question while answering another, please remind me.
grizz: I encourage participation by all kibitzers
grizz: So jump right in with a comment, question, or bid at any time, but please do so in open chat...
grizz: All of you have been taught that when declaring a hand you should stop and plan the play before touching any cards at Trick 1. 
grizz: That is excellent advice, and I urge all of you to follow it.
grizz: The same advice also applies to the defenders and even more so than for declarer.
grizz: Because declarer can see his hand and dummy, all of his combined partnership assets.  
grizz: But defenders do not enjoy that advantage.
grizz: Opening leader in particular is at a tremendous disadvantage, having to play before seeing dummy.
grizz: And then for the balance of the hand the defenders can see their hand and dummy, but must make inferences from the bidding, play and defensive signals.
grizz: There are only 5 basic types of defensive strategy at the beginning of a hand.
grizz: By the way, these concepts are out of the book "How The Experts Win At Bridge" by Burt Hall and Lynn Rose-Hall.
grizz: By way of review, and for those who are new here, the 5 lines of defense are:
grizz: 1.  Force declarer to ruff, and lose control of his own trump suit.
grizz: 2.  Active defense.
grizz: 3.  Passive defense.
grizz: 4.  Reduce ruffing power.
grizz: 5.  Create trump tricks.
grizz: We have looked at Forcing, Active and Passive defense, Reduce ruffing power and Create Trump Tricks for several weeks, and now we are working on quiz hands.
grizz: For those of you who are new, we spent a session on each of these topics, and archives are on my website.
grizz: Are there any questions?
grizz: Now let's get to the quiz hands.
grizz: Knowing what the rules are is one thing, but being able to apply them at the table is quite different.
grizz: You may kib all 4 hands to get a bird's eye view, or just East and dummy to get a more realistic view of the problem.
grizz: The hands are increasing in complexity now, and these will be a real challenge for the defense.
JohnnyHiLo: who should we kibitz?
grizz: East, for this one
grizz: question - is 3!s forcing?
dae: n
PedroG: inv
b_dave2: no
Magnafan: n
grizz: in standard american it is highly invitational but not forcing
grizz: but with !sJx and a running !d suit, game is worth a shot here
grizz: now what?
dae: AS?
Magnafan: A in h
sharon J: As
ddt135: AH
dae: andsmall S
JohnnyHiLo: heart then spade
wyoming33: !S ace then another !S
b_dave2: as then s
Magnafan: more S
grizz: watch this
grizz: if it goes !SA-!s, then EW never get in again to cash !hs
grizz: and !h losers go away on !ds
grizz: now there are two ways for S to proceed
wyoming33: OK - right - no sure entries
grizz: down 1
Magnafan: lol no one play like this
grizz: we will do this one again with a different line of play
grizz: bidding is abbreviated here
grizz: the other way to proceed is for S to dump !h losers on !ds
grizz: foiled again!
grizz: so there are two different lines of defense at work on this hand -
grizz: 1.  Active defense, because of the threat of the running !d suit
grizz: 2.  Reducing !h ruffs in dummy
grizz: But without the low !s lead at Trick 2, the contract makes anyway
grizz: since the only guaranteed entry for EW is the !SA
grizz: lol     this is where E pats W on the back for a great lead, and W says "vwdp"
grizz: shall we see where it goes if E leads !SA-!s?
dee_dee_20: this looks cold :( wow!
grizz: np now for S
dee_dee_20: game over
grizz: right, book the score
wyoming33: can get 3 but not 4 if play !H before 2!S
grizz: likewise if E continues with !hs
grizz: right
dee_dee_20: !h lead and continuation ....it's set
grizz: drive out the !sA and claim the rest
grizz: so !h continuation fails, !SA-!s fails
grizz: only the small trump works here
grizz: any questions on this one?
grizz: are we ok to move along now?
dee_dee_20->Club: y
weaktwos2->Club: y
pittypat->Club: yes
grizz: ok  :)
b_dave2->Club: yes
PedroG: kib what hand Pete?
grizz: West this time
PedroG: ty
grizz: or all 4, if you want to see the big picture
PedroG: small picture is fine :)
grizz: :)
grizz: assume standard signals for this session
grizz: here is the critical decision
grizz: overruff?    or duck?
dae: duck
b_dave2: duck
pittypat: duck
grizz: it is clear looking at all 4 hands that duck is correct
wyoming33: duck - then can get 2 trump tricks
grizz: right
grizz: otherwise W has the T2 left, which fall under the AJ
PedroG: S must have the A my K is protected
grizz: so this is an example of Creating Trump Tricks
grizz: and also has elements of Passive Defense, waiting to cash both trump tricks
grizz: i will play this out so everybody can see
grizz: no matter how S plays it, he loses 2!ss now
dee_dee_20: tada!
grizz: or:
grizz: any questions on this one?
TapTap->Club: no
PedroG: great sample hand :)
b_dave2->Club: no
grizz: ok then, keep kibbing West and get ready for a really tough one
grizz: what does everybody think about 2!s here?
grizz: Bobby Wolff would approve  :)
PedroG: 4 cards in S
wyoming33: cant see the hand
grizz: ah
grizz: only !SQJT in the N
b_dave2: 1nt 
sascha3: think it is a good bid with the spade holding of north over a double
wyoming33: wouldnt like that
grizz: but it is important in a competitive auction to show a fit early
grizz: and even a 4-3 won't be awful with QJT in the short hand
wyoming33: north cannot play NT I assume
b_dave2: but south could have only 4 spade
grizz: sure, and in that case it would be a 4-3 fit
grizz: but still not a disaster
grizz: everybody can see the hand now, and see why N didn't like NT
grizz: !hxxx and !dAT
wyoming33: yes
grizz: first big decision
grizz: cover?    or duck?
b_dave2: duck
PedroG: d
borges43: duck
Magnafan: d
pittypat: d
wyoming33: d - looking for !S control I think
grizz: y, that !s9 could be a big card
PedroG: promote the 9!s
grizz: same question here, cover or duck?
dae: d
PedroG: d
grizz: right
pittypat: dont know
grizz: S throws a curveball now, switching to !cK
grizz: next big decision - what now?
Magnafan: dimond q
borges43: Q!D
b_dave2: Q!D
dae: K H?
dae: or small H
grizz: sry, i neglected to mention something
grizz: EW are playing udca here
grizz: Upside Down Count and Attitude
grizz: so the !C2 is a significant card
dae: highest   suit
grizz: now what?
dee_dee_20: K!h
PedroG: cash out time
b_dave2: K!H
grizz: time to do some counting
dae: now D Q
grizz: looks like S has 4!s, 1!h, 1!d and some number of !cs
wyoming33: south must have !H J
grizz: yes, or E would have played the J from QJ
borges43: !S9
wyoming33: is it singleton
grizz: the critical question here is, how many !c tricks does S have?
grizz: if the !cs run, then it's cashout time
grizz: so take the !hK and run
grizz: but there is just barely enough room in the E hand for the !cTxx
grizz: if so, S has only 2!cs
grizz: 4!s, 1!h, 1!d and 2!cs
b_dave2: play a !D and out a !D
grizz: if that's the case, then W must stay passive here and wait to collect both !hs
grizz: game, set, match!
grizz: down 1 with stellar defense
grizz: This hand combines a number of different aspects of defense:
grizz: 1.  Forcing declarer to ruff, with !ds.
grizz: 2.  Holding up the trump Ace.
grizz: 3.  Signalling count.
grizz: 4.  Counting distribution.
grizz: 5.  Counting tricks.
grizz: 6.  Passive defense late in the hand.
grizz: Nobody ever said this would be easy! 
grizz: shall we replay this and see what happens if W does not duck the !ss?
b_dave2->Club: yes
ddt135: please
grizz: !d doesn't help, gives a ruff-sluff
wyoming33: that sets up the !Cs
grizz: might get a !c ruff if S is sleepwalking  :)
wyoming33: best !H
TapTap: 0
wyoming33->Club: sets it
grizz: same result, but no brilliant analysis and counting problem for W   :)
wyoming33: south need to lead !C - not north
grizz: aha
grizz: now W is stuck
grizz: !d gives a ruff-sluff
grizz: !hK gives away the J
grizz: interesting, that line of play works too!
wyoming33: seems to
grizz: but only by accident, with no more entries to the S hand
grizz: well, by golly, we found a flaw in this example
wyoming33: whats gib say?
grizz: good question, i'm not sure how to answer it
whiz: maybe duck first d
wyoming33: reload hand - and check double dummy
grizz: GIB says it goes down whether N ducks or not
wyoming33: gib says it goes donwn 1
grizz: ok, i will scratch my head over this one and have more hands for you next week
grizz: That concludes today's lesson, and next week we will continue quiz hands on these different lines of defense at the table.
grizz:  If anybody needs help retrieving the hand records or chat log, please email me at Grizz@GrizzBridge.com.   
pittypat: thank you
grizz: Thanks for your interest and participation, and I hope to see you next week.
wyoming33: thanks
robzim: regular time tomorrow, right? and then we can switch to Mondays?
cdt: Thanks Grizz great lesson as usual :)
emmee: thanks
grizz: Thanks also to Maureen, Rosemary, Fred and the wonderful people at BBO who make this all possible.
JohnnyHiLo: thanks fabulous lesson
weaktwos2: thanks
->robzim: sure, that works for me
TapTap: tyvm
analisals: thanks for a real challenging lessons
grizz: Thanks all for coming, i'll see you in a week
amvin: Thanks
b_dave2: great lesson grizz
sascha3: thank you great lesson
PedroG: TY Pete
grizz: Bye now